Preventing early-onset pneumonia in Indigenous children through maternal immunisation: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT)

PneuMatters and SUNFISH

Acute lower respiratory infections, including pneumonia, remain the greatest cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, acute lower respiratory infections in early childhood (<2 yrs) are associated with future chronic lung disease (e.g. bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Bronchiectasis and non-smoking related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are both prevalent in developing countries and in Indigenous populations. These diseases also tend to be more severe among Indigenous Australians compared to non-Indigenous Australians. Bronchiectasis affects one in every 68 Indigenous children and causes premature death (in 3-4th decade of life). The need for preventative strategies that are realistic and feasible within a short timeframe is imperative. Maternal immunisation is a developing strategy that may protect both pregnant women and their infants.PCV-HiD is a 10-valent polysaccharide vaccine against pneumococcus which is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia. Infants immunised with PCV-HiD have reduced risk of pneumonia. It is not yet known if maternal immunisation with this vaccine would be effective in protecting young infants.

Aim:

To determine if vaccinating pregnant Indigenous women with PCV-HiD reduces (compared to controls) pneumonia in their infants in the first year of life?


Funding / Grants

  • NHMRC (2018 - 2021)

Chief Investigators