Doctor of Philosophy (Queensland University of Technology)
Research areas:
My primary research interest revolves around developing sustainable technologies in mineral processing and finding beneficial reuses for mining waste streams. I design technologies that can transition seamlessly from lab demonstrations to pre-commercial pilot scale, minimising the commercialisation risks for industry partners and supporting their funding endeavours. I am committed to working with industry partners to ensure the development of the most efficient and sustainable processes to address real-world challenges, whilst developing a pipeline of skilled workforce to support the industry sector.
Main areas of research include:
- the development of extractive processes for low grade/complex ores and mining waste streams (process waste streams, tailings and acid mine drainage) containing critical minerals
- the development of processes for waste recovery, materials synthesis and water treatment
- the development of analytical methods for high purity minerals and materials
I am currently leading a multi-million-dollar research program with Lava Blue to demonstrate the production of high purity alumina (HPA) from multiple feedstocks, such as clay, gibbsite, and aluminium-rich mineral producer waste streams. The HPA manufacturing technology was translated from laboratory scale to pre-commercial scale, with the $4.5 million demonstration plant producing >99.99% purity Al2O3 routinely at the Centre for Predictive Research into Specialty Materials (PRiSM). HPA is used as a ceramic coating on lithium-ion battery separators, which is in high demand due to the growth of the LED and electric vehicle markets. The research team is now expanding into a range of high purity specialty materials for battery technologies, using hydrochloric acid processing methods.
I am also the Director of a Faculty of Engineering research group called STRATA (Sustainable Transformation of Resources for Advanced Technology Applications), providing high impact solutions to industry by integrating sustainable process engineering practices with fundamental science.
Sustainable Transformation: applying green engineering and chemistry principles to design and deliver tailored sustainable solutions for industry problems.
Resource: value-adding raw materials and waste streams
Advanced Technology Applications: working in partnership to demonstrate technologies at bench, pilot, and commercial scale.
Our vision is to create synergistic opportunities to enhance innovation and sustainability for industry partners whilst building a pipeline of skilled professionals to support the advancement and implementation of new technologies.
Projects (Chief investigator)
- Advanced manufacturing of high-purity alumina for batteries, sapphire glass and LEDs
- Doped alumina with tailored material properties for battery applications
- Mineral Processing in a Fossil Fuel Free World
- Precursors for Perovskite Solar from an Australian Minerals Supply Chain
Additional information
- Palmer, S., Grand, L. & Frost, R. (2011). The synthesis and spectroscopic characterisation of hydrotalcite formed from aluminate solutions. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 79(1), 156–160. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41331
- Palmer, S. & Frost, R. (2011). Characterization of bayer hydrotalcites formed from bauxite refinery residue liquor. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(9), 5346–5351. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/52063
- Palmer, S. & Frost, R. (2011). Effect of pH on the uptake of arsenate and vanadate by hydrotalcites in alkaline solutions: a Raman spectroscopic study. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 42(2), 224–229. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/40115
- Palmer, S., Frost, R. & Smith, M. (2011). Minimising reversion, using seawater and magnesium chloride, caused by the dissolution of tricalcium aluminate hexahydrate. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 353(2), 398–405. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/43088
- Palmer, S. & Frost, R. (2010). Use of hydrotalcites for the removal of toxic anions from aqueous solutions. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49(19), 8969–8976. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37277
- Palmer, S. & Frost, R. (2010). Thermal decomposition of Bayer precipitates formed at varying temperatures. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 100(1), 27–32. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/31838
- Palmer, S., Soisnard, A. & Frost, R. (2009). Determination of the mechanism(s) for the inclusion of arsenate, vanadate, or molybdate anions into hydrotalcites with variable cationic ratio. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 329(2), 404–409. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15729
- Palmer, S., Frost, R. & Nguyen, T. (2009). Hydrotalcites and their role in coordination of anions in Bayer liquors: Anion binding in layered double hydroxides. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 253(1-2), 250–267. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15728
- Palmer, S. & Frost, R. (2009). The effect of synthesis temperature on the formation of hydrotalcites in bayer liquor: a vibrational spectroscopic analysis. Applied Spectroscopy, 63(7), 748–752. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41980
- Palmer, S., Frost, R. & Nguyen, T. (2008). Thermal decomposition of hydrotalcite with molybdate and vanadate anions in the interlayer. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 92(3), 879–886. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/13513

